Code Enforcement

Local code enforcement officials can, by law, only enforce the adopted code (code of record). Enabling codes such as the IBC or NFPA 101 will almost always need to be adopted first. However, some jurisdictions may choose to adopt NFPA 72 by transcript (directly, without reference by another code). Enabling codes will probably reference the new NFPA 72 when they are revised in 2012, but that hasn't happened yet.

Once the 2010 edition of NFPA 72 is adopted by a jurisdiction, it becomes law. At that point, Authorities Having Jurisdiction (AHJs) can enforce the new Code. AHJs could include fire marshals, fire inspectors, electrical inspectors or building officials. They generally require a permit for installations greater than a certain minimum size or scope. Under this permit, they will review all plans and submittals for code compliance and will conduct inspections during construction. Once the job is complete, they generally witness final tests of the new systems. Once the systems are deemed acceptable, the AHJ signs the Certificate of Occupancy and the owner may occupy the premises.

Many insurance interests adopt new code requirements on their own schedule, despite adoption at the local level. Insurance interests write policies to cover properties and will often leverage building owners with lower premiums for code compliance. Some insurance interests still have inspectors who conduct periodic inspections of insured properties and essentially act as a private AHJ. However, the competitive nature of this market has made this practice less common than it was even a few years ago.

Most federal government agencies enforce the Code referenced in their specifications. Most agencies have engineers, inspectors or third-party consultants who conduct construction period inspections and will witness tests. They accept or reject all new installations on behalf of the government; some have periodic inspections to ensure systems are maintained and tested as required by the Code.

Many commercial interests that own or manage overseas properties also use American codes and standards for their properties abroad. Large multinational corporations also work with their insurers to make sure their properties are safe. They often employ third-party engineering firms to review plans and conduct inspections and tests. These third-party contractors will serve as the AHJ on behalf of the owner and/or insurance interests.

The resources contained herein are brought to you by the National Systems Contractors Association. NSCA is the leading trade association representing the commercial electronic systems industry, which includes professionals in life safety, automation and control systems, audio, lighting and more. Visit www.nsca.org for more information. Contact Barbra Snitker at bsnitker@nsca.org or 800.446.6722 for information about opportunities on MNEC.org.